What is epicondylitis?
Epicondylitis, commonly known as "tennis elbow" or "golfer's elbow," is a medical condition that affects the tendons and muscles of the elbow. Although the terms "tennis elbow" and "golfer's elbow" suggest that this injury is only found in people who play these sports, in reality, it can affect anyone, regardless of physical activity.
Epicondylitis occurs due to irritation, inflammation, and small tears in the tendons that attach to the epicondyles, which are the bony protuberances on the outside and inside of the elbow. The lateral epicondyle is involved in "tennis elbow," while the medial epicondyle is involved in "golfer's elbow."
Causes
Epicondylitis usually develops due to a combination of factors, including:
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Repetitive overload: Activities or movements that involve repetitive movements of the forearm and wrist, such as using hand tools, racquet sports, construction work, or even excessive use of electronic devices, can cause wear and tear on elbow tendons.
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Poor technique: Performing physical or work activities with incorrect technique can put undue pressure on the elbow tendons, increasing the risk of injury.
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Age and gender: Epicondylitis is most common in people between 30 and 50 years old, although it can affect any age group. Men have a greater tendency to develop this injury.
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Occupational factors: Jobs that involve repetitive motions and excessive use of the arm and wrist may increase the risk of epicondylitis in the work environment.
Symptoms
Characteristic symptoms of epicondylitis include:
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Elbow pain: The most common sign is severe pain on the outside or inside of the elbow, which can radiate to the forearm.
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Pain when grasping objects: Experiencing pain when grasping objects, such as a cup, a pen, or when shaking someone's hand.
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Arm weakness: Epicondylitis can weaken grip and strength in the affected arm.
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Tenderness in the epicondyles: When pressing on the epicondyles, you may feel tenderness or pain.
Diagnosis and treatment
If you experience the symptoms mentioned, it is important to seek medical attention for a proper diagnosis. The doctor will perform a physical exam, evaluate your symptoms, and may order imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRIs, to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment for epicondylitis usually includes:
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Rest and modification of activities: It is important to allow the affected elbow to rest and avoid activities that make the pain worse.
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Physical therapy: Strengthening and stretching exercises can help reduce stress on tendons and improve flexibility.
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Medications: Pain relievers and anti-inflammatories may be prescribed to relieve pain and reduce inflammation.
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Complementary therapies: Options such as ultrasound therapy, physical therapy, and massage can provide relief.
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Corticosteroid injections: In severe cases, the doctor may inject corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
Prevention
To prevent epicondylitis, consider following these tips:
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Exercise and stretching: Perform strengthening exercises and appropriate stretches for the forearm muscles.
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Proper technique: Learn and practice correct technique in any physical or work activity that involves repetitive movements.
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Ergonomics: Make sure you have proper posture and proper ergonomics in the workplace.
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Rest and recovery: Allow your muscles and tendons to recover properly between sessions of physical activity.
Epicondylitis is a painful injury that affects the tendons and muscles of the elbow due to repetitive movements and overuse. If you experience symptoms of this condition, it is essential to seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment. By taking preventative measures, you can reduce the risk of developing epicondylitis and maintain the health of your elbows. Take care of your body and stay active safely!
Remember that prevention is better than cure
